The loss of vitality and productivity observed in montado ecosystems is due to inefficient management and use of water and soil, with soil loss in cork oak areas accompanied by a worsening of this dynamic due to climate change.

The ECOMONTADO XXI project aims to study the implementation of a new forest management practice with a view to the recovery of the montado ecosystem, using techniques for the restoration of ecosystems resulting from the concepts of Permaculture and Agroecology, namely the Keyline planning system, for the integrated management of soil and water resources.